It was Owen Barfield who defined Original Participation - characteristic of young childhood and the early states of Mankind's development of consciousness (roughly, the nomadic Hunter Gatherer stage); and Final Participation - which was the divinely-intended future development of consciousness that was posited to come after the modern alienated consciousness which is cut-off from participation.
But Barfield perhaps never made it really clear how one might distinguish these types of participation - at any rate, confusion on this matter seems to be rife; and it seems usual, in my experience, for those who have encountered Barfield to list instances of what is actually Original Participation, with the claim that these are Final Participation.
Here is my understanding of the distinction, as these states occur in modern Man:
Original Participation is experienced as a stillness, dreamlike, a trance-state - as if time is slowed or stopped or the individual has moved out of time into eternal simultaneity.
As immersion in "the world" or divine consciousness - with loss of boundaries between individuals.
As a blending into "being-ness" - during which the individual "self" dissolves-into the larger or other consciousness.
Ultimate reality is felt to be a state of oneness, unity; variation is only superficial because the deepest truth is singleness.
For Original Participation we seem actually to inhabit an ocean of one-consciousness; from-which our individual consciousness sometimes emerges, briefly; rather like a crest among swirling waves that randomly gets shaped into a degree of illusory and temporary distinction and self-awareness - just long enough to realize this, before again dissolving-into the infinite sea.
Final Participation is a dynamic state of consciousness, associated with directionality and movement of thought.
The "self" is intensified, thinking is afoot; and consciousness absorbs into itself awareness of "the world", other people, other beings.
Awareness becomes wider and deeper - and this is awareness of other and different consciousnesses.
Ultimate reality is - at its best and highest - a state of friendship, harmony between different beings; between different but allied consciousnesses.
Final Participation is likely to happen when we are enacting some strong and good inner motivation. When we are propelled by a creativity that is aligned and affiliated with divine creation. Perhaps while we are gathering insights that are being intuitively confirmed; or when actively-engaged in enchanted doing, or making.
In summary - for us modern people: Original Participation happens in a state of rest or stasis, while Final Participation happens when mentally active; OP includes a loss of the sense of self, while FP includes an intensification of self; OP leads towards a sense of oneness and timelessness, while FP is a dynamic and connected form of "ongoing" consciousness.
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