When science 'got going' from the 17th century, it simply operated on the basis of the metaphysical assumptions of the Western European societies within which it grew - therefore science was rooted in Christianity.
In particular, science was rooted in that distinctively-Christian ethical concern with Truth - which science took as its primary morality.
Thus the morality was that science should be done by those who sought Truth, and who always communicated Truthfully.
If asked why Truth ought to be honoured; the discourse immediately moved outwith science, and into the higher and deeper assumptions within-which science operated: that is Christianity.
In other words; science could never answer "why science must be Truthful"; because the Truthfulness upon-which science depends was not a part of science.
The Truth imperative was an aspect of the metaphysical assumptions that science derived from its original 'host societies' of Christian Western Europe.
The problem was that the metaphysical - Truth-valuing - assumptions necessary to science were unconscious, habitual - in a sense taken for granted.
Science was rooted in Christian metaphysics - but science progressively ceased to be aware of the fact...
This led to an error; which was to believe that science was autonomous.
To believe falsely that science had superseded metaphysics; did not need assumptions, but was instead wholly based-on 'evidence'.
(Neglecting that what counts as 'evidence', and the meaning of 'evidence' are dictated by assumptions!)
To believe falsely that the success of science in understanding, predicting and controlling the natural world had demonstrated that there was 'no need' for metaphysical assumptions (which were regarded as nonsensical, manipulative, or even meaningless).
In particular, science was asserted to have no need for Christianity; and eventually Christianity was seen as opposing, harming, destructive-of science!
Meanwhile, for several reasons, Christianity began to fade from Western European societies, and with it the Truth imperative that had underpinned the success of science.
Through the twentieth century science became at first indifferent, then hostile, to Christianity - and scientists were no longer brought up to believe that Truth was a transcendental reality and a moral imperative.
Consequently, other imperatives emerged to regulate scientific practice...
At the end of this process, science had ceased to be science.
The activities of 'scientists' were pretty much the same kind of thing as in the past - observations, experiments, analyses etc. - but the activities were no longer directed and underpinned by Truth.
What resulted is the modern institution that calls-itself science; but which has become merely a generic bureaucracy - motivated and regulated by the expediencies of modern society - politics, profits, status-seeking, careers, fame etc.
Instead of seeking and speaking Truth; modern 'science' serves and is motivated-by... whatever happen to be the dominant secular goals; which have been ever-increasingly to do with the demands of leftist and totalitarian politics.
Thus, having dispensed with truth; 'science' (like all other social institutions: religion, law, corporations, education, health services, police, military etc.) now does... whatever the most powerful and wealthy institutions require of it.
Science in 2022 is not a means to the end of Truth; but a means to satisfy the requirements of those who fund and regulate science... Expediency, not Reality, is the bottom-line.
The only way out from this impasse is via metaphysics - that is by discerning and critiquing the most fundamental assumptions regarding the nature of Reality. Science must understand, acknowledge, and critique its own underpinning assumptions - those 'within-which' science actually operates.
Unless science's ultimate assumptions value Truth as an absolute ideal; then there will continue to be no real science, but only fake 'science', in the world of public discourse.
Note: For more on this subject, see my book Not Even Trying.
